附录 一、常考情态动词 ought to had better need dare used to must can (could) may (might) shall (should) will (would) 二、虚拟语气相关词汇 （一）动词类: ask order insist suggest advise desire decide propose require request recommend （二）形容词类: vital urgent essential desirable necessary important appropriate advisable preferable probable possible 一、只能后接 to do 的动词和短语 ask demand (要求)； plan intend； manage learn strive do/try one’s best make an attempt； wish hope desire expect long would like would prefer； agree promise decide determine seem choose volunteer offer make a decision make up one’s mind； help prepare claim； fail pretend refuse fear hate hesitate threaten； happen (碰巧) afford bother care。 二、只能后接 to do 的从属连接词 1. 连接代词：what which who whom+ to do 2. 连接副词：when where how whether + to do 三、只能后接 to do 的结构 1. have no choice but (to do) 2. sb./sth. be said (to do) 3. be supposed (to do) 4. be + adj. (to do) 四、只能后接 (to) do 的动词和结构 ① 1. 使役动词：make let have； 2. cannot but… cannot help but…； 3. do nothing (anything/everything) but (except) do 句型中。 ① make 为被动时，省略的 to 需要还原。如：He was made to finish the job.；被动用法：make/let/have sb./sth. done 五、只能后接 doing 的动词和结构 allow permit advise encourage force①； admit deny avoid prevent escape forbid； advise propose suggest； delay postpone put off； enjoy feel like mind can’t help can’t stand； excuse forgive doubt consider appreciate ensure； complete finish imagine miss give up quit； involve practice resist risk recall keep； have (has/had) difficulty (trouble/a hard time) (in)； when it comes to； be worth； spend +时间/金钱+ (in)； ① allow/permit/advise/encourage/force sb./sth. to do; sb./sth. be allowed/permitted/advised/encouraged/forced to do。 六、介词 to 后接 doing object to turn to thanks to owing to aid to apply to amount to be devoted to be limited to be familiar to be opposed to be committed to be sensitive to look forward to get down to live up to attribute…to owe…to dedicate…to in relation to 七、后接 to do/doing 均可的动词和结构（含义差别） remember to do sth. remember doing sth. forget to do sth. forget doing sth. regret to do sth. regret doing sth. stop to do sth. 记得要去做… 记得做过… 忘了该做… 忘了做过… 对要做的事感到遗憾 后悔做过.. 停止手中的事，去做另一件 stop doing sth. go on to do sth. go on doing sth. try to do sth. try doing sth. mean to do sth. mean doing sth. 停止正在做的事 接着做另一件事 接着做正在做的事 努力去做… 尝试着做… 打算做... 意味着... 感官动词+ sb./sth. (to) do 结果 感官动词+ sb./sth. doing 动作 need to do 主动① need doing 被动 ※形式主语 It 对应的真主② It’s no use (good/harm) doing. It’s funny (fun/pleasant/worthwhile/hopeless/a waste of time) doing ① need to be done 也为被动形式。 ② 形式主语 It 对应的真主，大多数为 to do。在此只举例相对较少数的真主 doing。 不规则动词变化表 一、AAA 型（原形→原形→原形） 原形 过去式 过去分词 中文 cut cut cut 切，割 cost cost cost 花费 hit hit hit 撞，击 hurt hurt hurt 伤害 let let let 让 put put put 放 read read read 读 set set set 安排 二、ABA 型（原形→过去式→原形） 原形 过去式 过去分词 中文 become became become 成为 come came come 来 run ran run 跑 三、ABC 型 （一）原形→ew→own 原形 过去式 过去分词 中文 blow blew blown 吹 fly flew flown 飞 grow grew grown 生长 know knew known 知道 forbade forbidden 禁止 原形 过去式 过去分词 中文 begin began begun 开始 drink drank drunk 喝 ring rang rung 打电话 sing sang sung 唱 swim swam swum 游泳 forbid （二）i→a→u （三）原形→过去式→过去式＋(e)n 原形 过去式 过去分词 中文 choose chose chosen 选择 freeze froze frozen 冻 speak spoke spoken 说 （四）原形→过去式→原形＋(e)n 原形 过去式 过去分词 中文 eat ate eaten 吃 fall fell fallen 落下 give gave given 给 see saw seen 看见 write wrote written 写 draw drew drawn 画 take took taken 拿 hide hid hidden 躲藏 原形 过去式 过去分词 中文 am/is was been 是 are were been 是 do did done 做 go went gone 走 （五）无规律 四、ABB 型 （一）原形→ought→ought 原形 过去式 过去分词 中文 bring brought brought 带来 buy bought bought 买 fight fought fought 打架 think thought thought 思考 （二）原形→aught→aught 原形 过去式 过去分词 中文 catch caught caught 捉，抓 teach taught taught 教 原形 过去式 过去分词 中文 feel felt felt 感到 keep kept kept 保持 leave left left 离开 sleep slept slept 睡 sweep swept swept 扫 deal dealt dealt 处理 mean meant meant 意思 （三）原形→t→t （四）变其中一个辅音字母 原形 过去式 过去分词 中文 build built built 建造 make made made 制造 send sent sent 送，寄 spend spent spent 花费 （五）辅音字母和元音字母都变 原形 过去式 过去分词 中文 have had had 有 lay laid laid 放 lose lost lost 丢失 pay paid paid 付钱 say said said 说 sell sold sold 卖 stand stood stood 站 tell told told 告诉 （六）变其中一个元音字母 原形 过去式 过去分词 中文 babysit babysat babysat 照看 feed fed fed 喂 find