2021-2022 八上第一次月考专题复习 Unit1 词汇词组语言知识点复习 adj. 诚实的，正直的 【词性大转换】 dishonest adj.不诚实的 honesty n.诚实，诚信 1.honest honestly adv.诚实地 【牛刀小测】What ______ honest boy! And he is ______ best student of all. A.a, a B.an, the C.a, the D.the, the Though he was poor,the old man didn’t want to make money in a _________(honest)way. 2.care v. (n.) 关心，关注，在意，在乎，介意 【词性大转换】 careful adj.小心的，仔细的 careless adj.粗心的 carefully adv.小心地，仔细地 carelessly adv.粗心地 ①care 作动词，意为“在乎,介意,关心”时还可用作不及物动词,后面常跟介词 about 或 for 引导的短语。 care about 关心，关怀 care about sb ；care for 照顾 ②care 用作名词时意思是“照顾”“护理”,也可指“小心”“注意”,还可指“忧虑”“挂念”,均用作不可 数名词。 Care(n.)---careful(adj.)--careless(adj.) 短语 take care of 照顾、关照 【牛刀小测】She was so _________(care) that she made a lots of mistakes . 3.bore , bored 和 boring (1) bore 作及物动词，意思是“使厌倦”“使枯燥”。 That lesson bored the students. His father’s words bored him to death. (2)bored 作形容词，意思是“感到厌倦”，主语通常是人。 be bored with 对.....厌倦、 对.....厌烦 Xiao ming feels bored at home. 小明在家觉得无聊。 She was bored with her life. 她厌倦了自己的生活。 Do you feel bored when you are alone? 当你独自一人时，你觉得无聊吗？ (2) boring 作形容词，指人或事物性质，意为“令人厌烦的”。 I think playing computer games is boring. The meeting is boring. 【牛刀小测】 Fishing with his father was so _______ for Jim that he almost fell _______. A.bored; sleep B.boring; sleeping C.bored; asleep D.boring; asleep 4.sense. n 感觉；观念；意识 have a（good）sense of humour/direction 有一个（好的）幽默感/方向感 have no sence of humour/direction 没有幽默感/方向感 5.lie n. 谎话、谎言 (可数名词） 复数形式为 lies。【搭配】tell a lie 说谎 【词性大转换】lie v. 撒谎。【搭配】lie to sb.对某人撒谎 【词汇辨析】 词条 lie lay 6.polite. 词义 说谎 躺；位于 产卵；放置 过去式 lied lay laid 现在分词 lying lying laying 过去分词 lied lain laid adj 有礼貌的 反义词：impolite adj. 不礼貌的，没礼貌的 politely adv. 有礼貌地 【搭配】be polite to sb. 对某人有礼貌的； it is polite of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事 是有礼貌的 【牛刀小测】 When you visit a foreign country, it is important to know how to ask for help ____________(polite). 7.patient n. 病 人 impatient adj. 有 耐 心 的 be patient with 对 什 么 有 耐 心 的 【牛刀小测】Doctors should be _________ with his _________. 8.because 和 because of 【精准掌握】 ① 连词 because，后接从句，表原因； ② 短语 because of 也可表示“因为”，它后接名词、名词短语或代词。 I must go home now because it is too late. He didn’t go to school because of his illness. 反义词： She has poor eyesight because of too much computer work at night. 9.too much too many 和 much too ①too much 的意思是“太多”，可以用来修饰不可数名词或动 ②too many 的意思是“太多”，后面跟可数名词复数。 ③much too 的意思是“实在太；确实太”，后面跟形容词或副词的原级。 10. agree with sb.同意某人 Do you agree with me about the need for more schools?关于多建一些学校一事， 你同意我的意见吗？ agree like cats and dogs 水火不相容（像狗和猫一样无法和平共处） agree with ① 表示同意某人或某人的意见、想法、分析、解释等 (即持同一观点)： I don’t agree with you.我不同意你的意见. They agreed with this idea.他们同意这个想法. I agree with what you say.我同意你说的. agree to do sth. He agreed to go with us.他同意同我们去. I never agreed to Mary marrying him.我从来没同意玛丽嫁给他. agree to ① 主要用来表示一方提出一项建议、安排、计划等,另一方同意协作： 　We agreed to their arrangement.我们同意了他们的安排. 　She agreed to marriage.她同意结婚. agree on [upon] ① 主要指双方通过协商而取得一致意见或达成协议： We agreed on the price.我们就价格达成了一致意见. Both sides agreedon these terms.双方都同意这些条件. ② 后接动名词 (=agree to do sth)： He agreed on lending (=to lend) us some money.他同意借给我们一些钱. Mary agreed oncoming [to come] on Monday.玛丽同意星期一来. 11. help people solve problems 帮人们解决问题 Help 的用法 ①help sb. (to) do sth.的意思是“帮助某人做某事”，其中的 to 通常可以省略，do 指的是 动词原形。 Can you help me clean the car? 你能帮我打扫汽车吗？ ②help sb. with sth.的意思是“在某方面帮助某人”，相当于 help sb. (to) do sth.，后面 跟名词或代词。 Could you help me with my English? 你能帮我学英语吗？ Solve 与 work out 的区别 solve problems 的意思是“解决问题”，指解决客观存在或遇到的疑难问题，相当于 work out the problem。 I can't solve this problem. 我解决不了这个难题。 【牛刀小测】 谁能解决这个难题？ Who can_______ _______ _______ ? 你能帮我解一下这道数学题吗？（两种） Can you help me _______ _______ _______ _______ ? Can you help me_______ _______ _______ _______ ? 12.die 的用法 die v. 过去式 died 现在分词 dying His grandfather died many years ago. dead adj. be dead 延续性状态 His grandfather has been dead for many years. death n. The death of the dog made him sad. die of 一般指死于疾病、年老、饥饿、寒冷、劳累、悲哀、失望等内部原因 die from 常指死于地震、事故、创伤等外部原因 13.mean 的用法 mean v. 意思 The sign means no smoking. adj.贬义词 卑鄙的 a mean old man meaning 动名词 The meaning of the word meaningful adj. 有意义的 Helping others is meaningful. Meaningless adj.无意义的 拓展 mean to do sth. forget to do. Remember to do Stop to do sth. mean doing sth. forget doing remember doing stop doing sth. go on doing sth regret to do sth. can’t help to do sth. 不能帮忙做某事 go on to do sth regret doing sth. can’t help doing sth.情不自禁做某事 14.none /no one /nothing 的区别 None 代词，指代上文提到的人或物 可与 of 连用，后接可数名词复数或不可数名词 常用 how many/much 提问 No one