高考题型专项练习之三 语法填空 100 篇 (整理 徐礼法) 姓名 班级 学校 高考题型练习：语法填空 语法填空是 2014 年高考英语新增题型。这一题型的出现改变了以往用单项填空(即通常所说的 单项选择题)来考查语法的形式，代之以短文或者在以具体生活情境为内容的对话中考查语法的灵 活运用，难度显然要高于原来的单项填空。语法填空的考差方式更为灵活，要求考生在通读全文 ， 了解全文或对话大意之后，运用词汇和语法知识，将文章补全，以使文意通畅，逻辑合理。 题型特点 本题型是在一篇 200 词左右的语言材料中留出 10 个空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形 式，要求考生根据上下文填写空白处所需的内容或所提供单词的正确形式。需要注意的是 2015 年 高考考试说明中该题型的要求对比 2014 年发生了一定变化。根据上下文填空的词数要求由之前的 “不多于 3 个单词”变化为“1 个单词”。本题每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分。 根据语篇呈现形式的不同，语法填空题分为短文式和对话式两种，以短文式为主。 题型 侧重点 单项 选择 侧重考查学生对基础知识的掌握程度 完形 填空 侧重考查语言知识在具体篇章或对话中 的运用，更加强调语言的交际功能。 1、同时具有单项填空和完形填空两种题 语法 填空 型的特点。 2、除了考查词汇外，更侧重考查功能语 法，即侧重考查语言的交际功能。 局限及优缺点 局限于考查词汇和语法知识在简单情境中的运 用，对学生实际运用语言知识的能力的考查有 限。 1、侧重考查词汇在语篇、语境中的运用过程， 2、从题型的形式看，完形填空给出的四个选项 中必有一个供学生选择的正确选项 只给出空缺，没有选项，要求学生根据语境和 所掌握的语法和词汇知识来填空，这对学生的 语言知识的提取和运用提出了更高的要求。 命题分析 文章长度一般在 200 词左右，文章设空分布相对均匀，两空之间的间隔通常为十几个单词。 命题注重挖掘文章中的主要语法要点，考查内容具有较广的覆盖面，考查点以词类为主，注 重语言知识的基本应用。考查点是大多数考生耳熟能详的语法常用知识，如：时态、被动语态、 非谓语动词、形容词、副词、代词、连词、介词、助动词以及定语从句等。 答题技巧 解答语篇型语法填空，需要具有全局观，首先掌握文章的内容和主题，然后合理地运用所学 语法及词汇知识进行解题。 1、通读全文，理解大意。 浏览全文的目的是把握大意，为下一步填空做好语义上的准备，因为语义决定着空白处应填 一个什么意思的词语以及应该采用什么样的语法形式。 如果是短文形式，在通读全文的过程中，为了较好地把握其大意，很有必要弄清该文的体裁 题材(话题)、中心思想、写作主线、段落层次等。 如果是对话形式，首先要确定对话双方的人物关系以及谈话的主要情景、语气等。这样有利 于对空白处细节的理解和把握。 2、边读边填，先易后难。 在通读全文、基本了解文章大意之后，就可以动手填空了。填空的过程是一个判断空白处应 该填词语的语义(已经给出词语的除外)和正确的语法形式的思维过程。遇到一时想不起来或无法确 定的题目，先跳过去，不要花费太多的时间停留在一个空上。这些空着的题目，有可能在后面的 内容会给出提示，或者在核查时进一步联系上下文进行推理。 3、验证复查，清除难点。 在答题时间充足的情况下，进行复查是必要的。复查的方法是：将所有答案填进短文或对话 中并进行通读，以最后确定答案。 通读时要注意上下文之间的逻辑关系，避免出现前后矛盾或句子不通顺的情况。 【1】 To celebrate the end of our exams, my friends and I (1) _________ (go) to a fast food restaurant. We ordered hamburgers and Coca Cola at the counter. When our food came, I started walking towards (2) _________ empty table. By bad luck, my purse strap got (3) _________ (catch) on a chair and the tray that I was holding slipped from my hands and went flying in the air. The tray, and its contents, fell on a man (4) _________ was just about to take a bite of his sandwich. I stared, greatly (5) _________ (shock), as the drinks soaked his white shirt. Then I closed my eyes and prepared myself for his burst of anger. Instead, he said, “It’s OK.” to comfort me before he disappeared into the washroom. Still shaky and unsure what (6) _________ (do) next, my friends and I went to a table and sat there, trying our best to look calm a moment later, the man came out of the washroom and approached our table. My heart almost stopped (7) _________ (beat). I thought he was going to ask for my father’s number and call him. To my surprise, he (8) _________ (mere 仅 仅 ) smiled at us, handed us some cash and said, “buy yourself new hamburgers.” He then walked away without even finishing his food. He could have made what was already an uncomfortable situation worse, (9) _________ he chose a different way and gave us a reason to believe that there is still (10) _________ (kind) in this world. I’ll never forget his actions. 【2】 Zigfried, a little mouse, blew his breath on the frosty window of the farmhouse and rubbed (1) _________ to see the outside. Still nobody came. Maybe today, he thought hopefully. It was only a few days (2) _________ Christmas and he was watching for a miracle(奇迹). This farmhouse (3) _________ (be) empty too long. It needed a family. Zigfried’s stomach made a noise. He realized that he hadn’t eaten anything since yesterday. He grabbed a bag from his home and went next door to Farmer Mike’s. Farmer Mike’s house had been (4) _________ great place for the little mouse until the farmer married a wife (5) _________ had a cat. Zigfried trembled( 颤 抖 )when he thought of it. He stole into the room where grain was stored and was quite nervous as he filled his bag (6) _________ wheat. He was turning to leave when suddenly he felt a hot breath about his ear. His heart beat (7) __________ (wild), and without thinking he started to run and luckily escaped the cat’s paws(爪子). The next afternoon Zigfried heard some good news (8) _________ a new family would be moving into the farmhouse soon. Zigfried’s granny would arrive on Christmas Eve (9) _________ (celebrate) with him. Before long, a car came up the road (10) _________ (lead) to the house, with butter sandwiches, cheese and chocolate. Zigfried’s Christmas miracle did arrive! 【3】 I used to be a very self-centered person, but in the past two years I have really changed. I have started to think about other people (1) _________ I think about myself. I am happy that I am becoming a (2) _________ (difference) person. I think my