M3U4 Scientists who changed the world II ◎课文语法填空 根据教材课文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Tu Youyou has become 1.the first(one) female scientist of the People's Republic of China to receive a Nobel Prize ， which was awarded to her for her contribution to the fight against malaria. Thanks 2.to her discovery of qinghaosu，malaria patients now have had a greatly increased chance of survival. Tu was born in Ningbo and studied medicine at university in Beijing between 1951 and 1955. After 3.graduation (graduate) ， she worked at the Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine. She completed further training courses，4.acquiring(acquire) a broad knowledge of both Chinese and Western medicine. In 5.the 1960s，many people were dying of malaria ，and in 1969 Tu became head of a team that intended to find a cure for the disease. When they failed 6.to produce(produce) any promising results ， Tu referred to the ancient books of traditional Chinese medicine again. 7.Inspired(inspire)by an over 1, 600yearold text about preparing qinghao extract with cold water ， she succeeded in making a qinghao extract that could treat malaria in mice. 8.Although/While/Though research resources and good equipment were limited ， Tu and her team managed to find solutions to the problem. Later ， the efforts of Tu and her team finally paid off. In November 1972 ， they 9.successfully(successful) isolated the most effective part of the qinghao extract and named it qinghaosu，for which Tu 10.was awarded(award) the Nobel Prize in 2015.  语言知识初探 I. 根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词 1. surround vt. 围绕；环绕→surrounding adj. 周围的；附近的→surroundings n. 环境 2. intelligent adj. 有才智的，聪慧的→intelligence n. 智力；情报工作 3. favour vt. 较喜欢；偏袒；有助于 n. 帮助，好事；赞同；偏袒→favourable adj. 赞同的；有利的→favourite adj. 特别受喜爱的 4. involve vt. 包含；牵涉；影响→involved adj. 参与其中的；有关联的→involvement n. 参与；投入 5. ignorance n. 无知；忽视→ignore vt. 忽视；不理睬→ignorant adj. 无知的 6. permit vt. & vi. 允许；准许 n. 许可证→permission n. 允许，许可 7. responsibility n. 责任；负责→responsible adj. 负责的→irresponsible adj. 不负责的 8. declare vt. 宣布；公布→declaration n. 宣告；公告 II. 根据提示补全下列短语 1. by accident 偶然，意外地 =accidentally, casually, by chance 2. let sb. down 使某人失望 3. take sth. for granted 认为……是理所当然的 4. with a bang 很成功；引人注目，有强烈影响 5. as to 关于，至于 6. put forward ... 提出，提议 7. mass production 批量生产 故意地：by design =on purpose take ... seriously 认真对待…… take one's time 不用急，慢慢来 take pride in ... 以……为豪 take charge of ... 负责，掌管 take advantage of ... 利用 take ... into consideration 把……考虑在内 8. far from the truth 绝非真实 9. a deadly electric shock 致命的电击 10. put one’s future at risk 置某人前途于危险之中 11. (be) involved in ... 卷入，涉及，参与 12. put another way 换句话说 13. devote oneself to (doing) sth. 致力于（做）某事 14. leave room for doubt 给怀疑留出空间 15. make up one’s mind (to do sth.) 下定决心（做某事） put ... aside 忽视，不理睬；存储，保留 put ... away 将……收起；积蓄，攒钱 put ... down 写下，记下；镇压；放下 put off +n./v-ing 推迟 put ... on 穿（戴）上；上演……；增加体重 put ... up 搭建；张贴，留宿 put up with ... 容忍，忍受 put ou 扑灭；伸出；公布 重点知识点解析 　surround vt. 围绕，环绕；包围；与……紧密相关  (教材 P48) He observed that the bacteria surrounding the mould were dead. 他观察到霉菌周围的细菌都死了。 【用法详解】surround sb./sth. (with ...) （用……）围绕，包围 →[被动] be surrounded by/with ... 被……环绕/包围 如：The original builders surrounded the city with a wall. 最初的建设者们在该城的周围修起了城墙。 To some, happiness is being surrounded by family and friends. 对一些人来说，幸福就是有家人和朋友陪伴在自己身边。 【归纳拓展】词性转换： surrounding adj. 周围的，附近的 surroundings n. [pl.] 环境；周围的事物 常见搭配 in ... surroundings 在……环境中 【即时巩固】单句语法填空 ①Surrounded(surround) by beautiful rivers, the country has attracted a lot of visitors. ②The policemen decided to search the surrounding(surround) area. ③There are a lot of fans surrounding(surround) the young star over there. 　favour vt. 较喜欢；偏袒；有助于 n. 帮助，好事；赞同；偏袒 (教材 P48) As Louis Pasteur said, “Fortune favours the prepared mind.” 如路易·巴斯德所说：“幸运青睐有准备 者。” 【用法详解】(be) in favour of ... 支持，赞同 (be) in sb.’s favour 对某人有利 show favour to ... 对……偏爱/偏袒 do sb. a favour 帮某人一个忙 ask sb. a favour =ask a favour of sb. 请某人帮个忙 如：I’ll ask Steve to take it. He owes me a favour. 我要请史蒂夫接受。他欠我一个人情。 The man asked me to do him a favour the other day. 不久前的一天，那个人让我帮他一个忙。 Are you in favour of the decision? 你支持这个决定吗？ 【归纳拓展】词性转换： favourable adj. 给人好印象的；赞同的；有利的 favourite adj. 最喜欢的，特别受喜爱的 【即时巩固】单句语法填空 ①The terms of the agreement are favourable(favour) to both sides. ②The exchange rate is in our favour at the moment. ③The mother is careful to show no favour to any child. ④Most people are in favour of bringing down the housing prices. 　charge vt. & vi. 充电；收费；控告；谴责；使承担责任；使充满 n. 收费；控告；谴责；掌管 (教材 P49)