同位语从句 1. 什么是同位语从句？ 同位语从句说明其前面的名词的具体内容。 2. 同位语从句的引导词及先行词有哪些？ 英语中引导同位语从句的词通常有连词 (that，whether), 连接代词(what, who, whom, whose, which), 连接副词 (how, when, where)等。(注：if, which 不能引导同位语从句。) 1) 连词 that 引导同位语从句(注：引导同位语从句的 that 不能省略), 如： The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong. 你认为不动脑筋就能做好这件工作的想法是完全错误的。(that 从句作 idea 的同位语) 【注 1】在某些名词(如 demand, wish, suggestion, resolution 等)后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气 (should)+动词原形。 There was a suggestion that Brown(should) be dropped from the team. 【注 2】引导同位语从句的连词 that 通常不省略，但在非正式文体中也可以省去。 He grabbed his suitcase and gave the impression he was boarding the Tokyo plane. 他拿起了手提箱，给人的印象是他要登上飞往东京的飞机了。 2) 连词 whether 引导同位语从句 (注：if 不能引导同位语从句) The question whether we should call in a specialist was answered by the family doctor. 我们是否请专家由家庭医生来定。 3) 连接代词 what, who, whom, whose, which 引导同位语从句 I have no idea what size shoes she wears.我不知道她穿几号的鞋。 4) 连接副词 when, where, how, why 引导同位语从句 We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation. 到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。 3. 同位语从句和定语从句的区别是什么？ that 作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，在从句中作宾语时可以省略； that 引导同 位语从句时，起连词的作用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，一般不能省略。 试比较下面两个例句: I had no idea that you were here. (that 引导同位语从句，不能省略) Have you got the idea(that)this book gives you of life in ancient Greece? (that 引导定语从句，作宾语， 可以省略) 课堂精讲 1. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars _______ road conditions need_______. A. that…to be improved B. which…to be improved C. where…improving D. when…improving 【Keys】A 【解析】that 引导的同位语从句。句意：私家车的普及过程中又碰到一个新的问题：道路条件 (即 “路况”)需要提高。need to do sth.表示需要...，有必要...。此句 improve 是及物动词，它的用法是 sb. i mprove sth.，道路是被 improve 的对象，故用被动语态，也就是 need to be done"的形式。 2. Along with the letter was his promise ________ he would visit me this coming Christmas. A. which B. that C. what D. whether 【Keys】B 【解析】同位语从句.his promise that he would visit me this coming Christmas 这一句话是 his promise 的 同位语。在信中他还提到了，他答应(保证)在即将来临的圣诞节他回来看我的。 3. Danby left word with my secretary _________ he would call again in the afternoon. A. which B. that C. what D. whether 【Keys】B 【解析】that 引导的是同位语从句,它的先行词是 word,具体内容就是"he would call again in the afternoon"。Danny 给我的秘书留话说他下午还会再打电话。 4. There is much chance________Bill will recover from his injury in time for the race. A. that B. which C. until D. if 【Keys】A 【解析】 that 引导同位语从句，在从句中无意义，也不作句子成分；which 引导定语从句应作句子成 分，引导名词性从句表示“哪一个”；用 until 意义不通，用 if 则应为 if Bill recovers from...。 课堂精练 I. Choose the best answer. 1. Much to the couple’s comfort, their income is now double ______ it was five years ago. A. that B. than C. which D. what 2. _____ it takes for us to reduce pressure is important to our emotional health, and crying seems to ______well. A. Whatever; work B. Whichever; help C. However; function D. What; help 3. If the project should be delayed for a day, ______ would mean we would be fined $ 100,000. A. that B. as C. which D. and it 4. When I try to understand ______ it is that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect, is seems to me ______ there are quite a few causes. A. why; that B. which; as C. what; that D. whether; since 5. There is a feeling in me _______ we will never know what a UFO is. A. that B. which C. of which D. what 6. While the total number of farmers engaged in the agriculture production is barely half _____ it used to be in 1959, the size of the average farm has tripled. A. that B. what C. which D. how 7. It was after he got ______ he had wanted ______ he realized it was not so important. A. what; what B. what; that C. that; what D. that; which 8. What if we meet with a situation ______ none of us are able to deal with？ A. where B. in which C. what D. that 9. Advertising is different from other forms of communication ______ the advertiser pays for the message to be delivered. A. in which B. in order that C. in that D. in the way 10. -- Do you think it wise for Chinese mothers to try to do everything for their children? --No, that’s _______ they are mistaken. A. where B. what C. when D. how 11. The only problem was _______ we kept getting lost! But London people are very friendly and helpful. A. why B. whether C. that D. how 12. The fact _______ she had not said anything at the meeting ______ all of us. A. what; surprised B. what; was surprised C. that; surprised D. that; was surprising 13. The most exciting thing for him was _______ he finally found two tinned fruits in _______ seemed to him to be a servant's bedroom. A. that; that B. that; what C. what; that D. what; w