2019 年 10 月 25 日 定语从句 重要程度：★★★★★ 难易程度：★★★★★ 1.（2019·江苏卷）We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true. A. which B. what C. when D. that 【参考答案】C 【试题解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中 先行词为 an age（一个时代），且先行词在从句中作时间状语，所以关系词用 when。故选 C。 【名师点睛】 本题考查定语从句。定语从句是高考重点考查知识之一，分析定语从句需抓住两点：1. 找准先行词。2. 看 先行词在从句中所作的成分。抓住这两点，再根据句意，从而能够判断出正确的关系词。 2.（2019·新课标全国卷 III·语法填空）They were well trained by their masters ___64___ had great experience with caring for these animals. 【参考答案】who 【试题解析】考查定语从句。句意：它们被他们的主人训练得很好，它们的主人在照顾这些动物方面很有 经验。先行词为 masters（主人），且从句缺主语。故关系词填 who。 【拓展延伸】 定语从句在整个句子中担任定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句 通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。 1. 关系词 关系代词：who, whom, whose, that, which, as(句子中缺主要成分：主语、宾语、定语、表语、同位语、 补语时)。 关系副词：when, where, why(句子中缺次要成分：状语时)。 2. 关系代词和关系副词的选择 定语从句的引导词用关系代词还是关系副词可用以下方法判断： 选择依据 关系词 若是及物动词，后面若无宾语，用关系代词；若是不及物动词，则 根据从句的谓语动词 用关系副词 根据关系词在从句中作 把关系词放进定语从句中，若作主语或宾语用关系代词；若作状语 的成分 则用关系副词 3.＂介词+关系代词＂引导的定语从句 在＂介词+关系代词＂引导的定语从句中，关系代词只能用 which 或 whom，不能用 that。先行词指物 时，用 which；先行词指人时，用 whom。 1. We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, ____ the weather may be better. A．that B．where C．which D．when 2. In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Program, one of ________ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation. A．which B．it’s C．whose D．whom 3. Each time I see these photos, I can’t help thinking of the happy days ________we spent together. A．on which B．that C．when D．in which 4. What a fine day! Let’s go to the park ________I can fly this beautiful kite. A．where B．which C．that D．why 5. (2018·北京)She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit. A. which B. who C. as D. that 6. (2018·天津)Kate, _________sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia. A. whom B. that C. whose D. her 7. (2017· 江 苏 ) The publication of Great Expectations, which ____________ both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens’ status as a leading novelist. A. is B. are C. was D. were 8. Many young people, most ____________were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. A. of which B. of them C. of whom D. of those 9. The reason ____________ he hasn’t come is ___________. A. that; because he is ill B. that; because of his illness C. why; for he is ill D. why; that he is ill 10. The Beatles, ____________ many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool. A. what B. that C. how D. as 11. It is reported that two schools, ____________ are being built in my hometown, will open next year. A. they both C. both of them B. which both D. both of which 12. Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree ____________ they can be controlled on purpose. A. with which B. to which C. of which D. for which 13. Was it in the village _____________ we used to live in _____________ the accident happened? A. that; where B. which; that C. where; that D. which; where 14. Be calm, Madam. Can you remember _____________ you had your mobile phone stolen? A. when was it that C. where it was that B. that it was when D. it was where that 1. D 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们将把公园的野餐推迟到下个星期，那时天气可能会更好。使用定 语从句，先行词是 next week，定语从句中不缺少主宾表，缺少时间状语。故选 D。 【名师点睛】定语从句的考查主要就是考查关系词的辨析，关系代词 that，which，whose，whom，as，who 在句中作主语、宾语、表语或者定语；where，why，when 在 句中作地点、原因和时间状语。要分析定语从句的成分，看缺少什么成分，就选用相应的关系词。 2. C 【解析】C 考查定语从句。先行词 the World Food Programme 在非限制性定语从句作定语，修饰名词 purpose，所以用关系代词 whose 引导。故选 C 项。句意：1963 年，联合国成立了世界粮食计划署， 其目的之一就是缓解世界范围内的饥荒。 3. B 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：每次看到这些照片，我都忍不住想起我们一起度过的快乐日子。本句 为定语从句修饰先行词 days，且先行词在从句中作宾语，指事物，故用关系代词 that 或者 which。 故选 B。 4. A 【解析】考查定语从句。句意：多好的天气啊！让我们去公园吧，在那里我可以放这个漂亮的风筝。 本句为定语从句修饰先行词 park，且先行词在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词 where。故选 A。 5. A 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：她和家人骑自行车去上班，这有助于她们保持健康。＂____ _____ helps them keep fit＂是非限制性定语从句，该从句修饰整个主句，引导词在从句中做主语，故 该从句应用关系代词 which 引导。A 选项正确。 6. C 【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：凯特已经去澳大利亚工作了。我们在大学的时候，我和她的姐 姐共住一室。分析句子，句中先行词为 Kate，在非限定性定语从句中作名词 sister 的定语，故用关 系代词 whose。故选 C。 7. C 【解析】考查主谓一致。本句是包含定语从句的复合句，先行词 Great Expectations 是书名，看作单数， 所以定语从句的谓语也要使用单数形式；根据＂strengthened＂可知，＂被广泛阅读和得到高度评价 ＂发生在过去，故选 C。 8. C 【解析】考查定语从句。本题定语从句的先行词是 Many young people，关系代词 whom 指代先行词， 在定语从句中作介词 of 的宾语。句意：很多年轻人都前往偏远地区追求他们的梦想，其中大部分人 都受过良好教育。故 C 项正确。 9. D 【解析】____________ he hasn’t come 是定语从句，先行词为 The reason，引导词在定语从句中作原因 状语，用 why 引导；is 后是表语从句，不能用 for 引导，所以选 D。 10. D 【解析】本题考查在实际语境中对于非限制性定语从句的应用能力。as 引导定语从句，在从句中作 remember 的宾语，指代的是 The Beatles＂披头士乐队＂。 11. D 【解析】both of which 引导非限制性定语从句，which 指代先行词 s