2021~2022 学年新课标外研版初中英语学习讲义 八年级下学期 Module 10 课文知识点总结笔记 Module 10 On the radio 语法：宾语从句的时态问题 一、宾语从句的时态与主句的时态一致：当主句用一般现在时，宾语 从句的时态根据自身的时间状语选择时态。当主句是一般过去时，从句的 动作发生在主句的谓语动词之前，从句用过去完成时。当主句是一般过去 时，从句的动作还没有或将要发生，从句用过去将来时。 Eg: I don’t know whose book this is. He said that he had just bought a book. He said he would go there again. 二、时态不一致：主句是一般过去时，下列几种情况从句时态不变 1.宾语从句表示的是客观事实、科学真理、格言或其他不受时间限制、 影响、客观存在的事物时，依然用一般现在时 Eg: He said the earth goes around the sun. 2.宾语从句解释、表达科技内容时，或表达一种反复出现或目前习惯 性的动作时，仍用一般现在时 Eg: He said he takes a walk after dinner every evening. 3.宾语从句的谓语动词所表示的动作在转述时仍在继续，表示此刻仍 存在的状态，从句的时态仍用现在范围内的时态。 Eg: She told me the other day that she is only eight. 4.从句中有具体的时间状语，动作是发生在主句动作之前，仍用一般 过去时，不改为过去完成时 Eg: He said that he was born in 1998. Unit 1 I hope that you can join us one day. 1.Thank you for… = Thanks for + 名词、代词、动词 ing 因…而感谢 2.show… around = take… around = take… to visit 带…参观 Eg: Can you show/ take us around your factory? = Can you take us to visit your factory? 3.come this way 4.be on 这边请 （灯等）亮；（电影等）上映 5.mean to do sth. 想或企图做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事 mean (v.)--- meaning (n.) 意思 Eg: I had meant to visit you, but I was too busy. My new job will mean travelling all over the world. 6.on air 正在广播 Eg: We will be on air in ten minutes. 7.avoid doing sth. 避免做某事 avoid 后接名词、代词或动名词 Eg: You should avoid making the same mistakes. avoid (v.) 回避；避开 Eg: Everyone seemed to be avoiding him. avoid(v.) 逃避 Eg: You should avoid over-spending. 8.make some noise 制造噪音 9.the latest national and international news 最新的国内、国际新闻 10.get crazy 令人发狂 be crazy about… 热衷于；迷恋于 like crazy 发狂似的；极度地 go crazy 变得疯狂 drive sb. crazy 让某人疯狂 11.keep doing sth. 不断做某事 12.do interview with sb. = interview sb. 采访某人 interview --- interviewer 采访者/ interviewee 被采访者 13.keep quiet 保持安静 14.if (1) “如果”引导条件状语从句，如果放在主句前，从句要用逗号 与主句隔开 Eg: I won’t go by plane if it rains tomorrow. If you want to go, please tell me. (2)if 所引导的条件句，要遵循“主将从现”原则 Eg: If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, we’ll go to the Great Wall. (3) if 引导的条件句，当条件成立必然有某种结果时，主句和从句用一 般现在时 Eg: If you drop a glass, it breaks. (4)if “是否”时，不用主将从现 Eg: I don’t know if it will rain tomorrow. 15.against (prep.) “以…为竞争对手；与…对抗”后接名词、代词、动 词 ing Eg: Yesterday we played against a very strong team and we won. 反对；对抗 Eg: My father is against my plan. 16.the end of… …的尾声 at the end of… 在…末端 by the end of… 直到…为止 in the end 最后；最终 Unit 2 It seemed that they were speaking to me in person. 1.look down at… 低下头看 look down upon 瞧不起 2.Shouldn’t you be at school? 你不用上学吗？ 这是一个否定疑问句，用于表示惊奇。 Eg: Don’t you agree? 难道你不同意？ 表示感叹： Eg: Isn’t this book very interesting？ 难道这本书无趣吗？ 表示责备： Eg: Can’t you see this sign? 难道你没有看见这个标记吗？ 3.explain sth to sb. 向某人解释某物 4.close to… 靠近 5.动名词做状语，表示伴随动作。即与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发 生的一个次要动作。 Eg: Every evening the Greens sit on the sofa,watching TV. 6.voice “声音”指说话声、歌声、笑声等 Eg: She has a good singing voice. noise “噪音”指不悦耳、不和谐的声音 Eg: The noise kept me awake. sound“声音”泛指一切声音 Eg: Sound goes more slowly than light. 7.seem (v.) 好像；似乎，在此意义时，不用于现在进行时 (1) It seems that 从句 Eg: It seems that she is unhappy. (2)seem to do sth. 似乎做某事 Eg: Tom seems to be sleeping. (3) seem + (to be) + n./ adj. 似乎… Eg: He seems to be happy. seem like “仿佛；似的” Eg: It seems like a good idea. 8.in person “亲自；当面” Eg: Her mother will come in person. 9.not… but… 不是…而是… 10.at the age of… 11.ask for 在…岁时 要求得到 12.part-time job 兼职工作 full – time job 全职工作 13.one’s interest in… 14.grow “变得” 对…的兴趣 Eg: My mother’s face grew red. grow “增加” Eg: The population of the world is growing fast. 15.learn about 了解；听说 16.once a week 一周一次 就其提问用 how often 开头 17.prepare sth. 准备… prepare sb.sth. 给…做准备 prepare sb.for sth. 使某人对某事有所准备 prepare to do sth. 准备做某事 18.do research on… 19.look out of… 做关于…的调查 向…外看 20.come with me 跟我来 21.当 purpose 前是物主代词时，后用 in 当 purpose 前是定冠词 the 时，后用 of Eg: You know my purpose in writing this book. 你知道我写这本书的目的。 What’s the purpose of our being? 我们活着是为了什么？ 22.sound level 音级 Unit 3 Language in use 1.at that time 那时 2.be surprised to do sth. = be surprised at… 对…感到惊讶 to one’s surprise 令某人惊奇的是 3.well done 干得好 4.have a picnic 去野餐 5.watch for 等待 6.close down (电台、电视台)停止播音；（表示工厂、企业）倒闭 7.realise (v.) 意识到 Eg: He didn’t realise his mistakes. realise (v.)实现（理想或目的） Eg: He realised his dream to be a doctor. 8.keep on doing sth. 继续做某事 范文： I first appeared on TV at the age of 13. A television presenter stopped m e in the street, and started to interview me, I can’t speak English well and I f eel nervous in front of other people. I’m ve