考点 15 阅读理解之细节理解的高考实战 细节理解题在高考试题中占有相当大的比例，相对比较简单。试题类型主要考查：直 接信息理解、间接信息理解、正误判断、数字计算、细节排序等。其中间接信息理解类难 度较大。命题人往往通过对文章细节加以改写来考查准确理解细节的能力。此类试题所选 文章体裁、题材较广泛，一般包括：广告类、书籍电影介绍类、活动安排类、人物介绍类、 史地自然类、社会生活类等。 [典型题练习] 一　细节理解题 语篇出处：2019 年全国卷Ⅰ·A 篇　语篇类型：应用文　主题语境：暑假工 作 Need a Job This Summer? The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program. Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills, find a job or start businesses all year round. Jobs for Youth If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible (符合条件) for this program, which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training. Who is eligible: Youth 15－18 years old in select communities (社区)． Summer Company Summer Company provides students with handson business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses. Who is eligible: Students aged 15－29, returning to school in the fall. Stewardship Youth Ranger Program You could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects for eight weeks this summer. Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year. Summer Employment Opportunities (机会) Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service, its related agencies and community groups. Who is eligible: Students aged 15 or older. Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability. 1．What is special about Summer Company? A．It requires no training before employment. B．It provides awards for running new businesses. C．It allows one to work in the natural environment. D．It offers more summer job opportunities. 2．What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program? A．15－18. B．15－24. C．15－29. D．16－17. 3．Which program favors the disabled? A．Jobs for Youth. B．Summer Company. C．Stewardship Youth Ranger Program. D．Summer Employment Opportunities. [应对策略] 一、读题，理解大意 二、找准题干，抓关键点 解答广告、旅游信息、演出信息、工作介绍等应用文的关键是题干，采用 题干定位法。 三、定位题干，关键词同义替代 题 1：题干定位：根据题干中的关键词“Summer Company”，可定位到 Summer Company 一段。文中关键句为“Summer Company provides students with handson business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses.”运用同义替换，判断出 “run their own summer businesses”相 当于“running new businesses”。选 B。 题 2：题干中的关键词是 “Stewardship Youth Ranger Program”，由文中“Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.”可知，雇佣时的年龄要在 16 到 17 岁，且在 12 月 31 日前不能超过 18 岁。选 D。 题 3 ： 题 干 中 关 键 词 是 “ the disabled” ， 可 以 替 换 为 “ persons with a disability” 。 由 “ Who is eligible: Students aged 15 or older. Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability.” 可 知 ， “ Summer Employment Opportunities (机会)”项目有利于残疾人找工作。选 D。 [技巧指导] 　一，事实细节题——“题干定位”法 典例片段　(2020·江西重点盟校模考)Here are our suggestions for keeping busy this week. Dive in！ ... Get scientific in London Experience the latest, best and most challenging science covering all areas of our lives and universe at New Science Live at ExCel London. New Scientist Live is a fourday festival full of ideas and discoveries from the team behind the world's most popular science weekly magazine, featuring four zones—Brain& Body, Technology, Earth and Universe—as well as talks from experts and over 200 exhibitors. What is true about New Scientist Live？ A.A science weekly magazine. B.A festival where ideas and discoveries are shared. C.A festival to celebrate great scientists. D.An exhibition to show scientific discoveries. 【错因分析】 学生题干信息锁定不准确，应学会利用找关键词，查读和比较的方法锁定答案 【学霸纠错】 学霸解题步骤： 第一步　题干定位： 题干中的关键词是“New Scientist Live”。 第二步　锁定信息： 文中信息是“New Scientist Live is a fourday festival full of ideas and discoveries”。 第三步　分析对比： 文中信息与选项 B 中的信息“festival”和“ideas and discoveries”相匹配，故选 B。 【秒杀技巧】 一、细节理解题常见的设问方式 1．Which of the following is TRUE/FALSE/MENTIONED? 2．What does the writer pay more attention to? 3．Choose the right order of the events given in the passage. 4．All of the following statements may be true/false EXCEPT ________. 5．Which of the following is not the result of...? 6．Which of the following best characterizes the main feature of...? 二、间接信息题——“断章取义”法 典例片段　(2018·全国卷Ⅰ，A 篇) Capital