专题 4 地点状语从句 【例句及用法】地点状语从句表示地点、 方位，常由 where（在……地方）；wherever（无论何地）； anywhere （ 任 何 一 个 … … 的 地 方 ） everywhere （ 每 一 个 … … 的 地 方 ） 等 引 导 。 例 如 ： 1. There are plenty of sheep where I live. 我住的地方羊很多。 （ 指 具 体 地 点 时 ， 从 句 可 放 在 主 句 前 ， 也 可 放 在 主 句 后 。 ） 2. Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。 （兼有抽象含义时，从句须放在主句前。） 【考点 1】where 和 wherever 的区别 ： wherever 无 论 哪 里 ， 指 哪 里 都 行 。 where：代指那个特定的地方，不是任意的。例如： 1. We must camp where we can get water. 我 们 必 须 在 能 找 到 水 的 地 方 露 营 。 2. Written Chinese spreads Chinese culture wherever it goes. 书面汉语在任何地方都能传播中国文化。 3. Sit wherever you like. 你爱坐哪儿都可以。 【考点 2】where 引导地点状语从句与定语从句的区别 1. Go back where you came from. (where 引导地点状语从句） 请你从何处来回到何处去。 Go back to the village where you came. (where 引导定语从句，修饰 village) 回到你来的那个村子里去。 2. We went home, where we had dinner. 此句是 where 引导的“非限制性”定语从句，这里 where= at home（先行词是 home），从句还原为：We had dinner at home. 全句译：我们回到家，在家里吃了顿饭。 3. I walk into the canteen where students are eating. 此句也是 where 引导的定语从句，与上句不同之处在于此句是一个“限制性”定语从句，这里 where= in the canteen（先行词是 canteen），全句译：我走进了这个同学们都在吃饭的食堂。（限定说明了是一个什么样 的食堂。） 【考点 3】谚语 1. Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者事竟成。　　 2. Wherever there is smoke, there is fire. 　 无风不起浪。 3. Home is where the heart is. 心在哪里，哪里就是家。 4. Where there is life, there is hope. 留得青山在，不怕没柴烧。 5. Pain is forgotten where gain follows. 好了伤疤忘了痛。 【考点 4】wherever=no matter where：无论何处 Wherever you go, I go too. 无论你到什么地方，我都去。　　 【考点 5】译法 1. 顺译法 翻译地点状语从句大都采用顺译法，即在英语原文中，如果从句位于句首，则译文也应位于句首；反 之，若英语从句位于句尾，则译文也应位于句尾。但有时根据情况需要，也可将位于主句后的地点状语从 句译于汉语句子的句首。如： *Where it is required to mark out, some of the methods already given may be used. 在要求画线的地方，可以使用前面说过的某些方法。 *The current has the same value wherever in the circuit it is measured. 在电路的任何地方测量电流，其大小都相同。 2. 转译法 有时 where 和 wherever 引导的地点状语从句，在逻辑意义上相当于一个条件状语从句或让步状语从句 ， 汉译时可以把这样的地点状语从句视情况转译为条件状语从句或让步状语从句。如： * Where extensive damage has occurred, replacement of the parts is recommended. 若损伤范围大，建议更换零部件。（转译为条件状语从句） * Virtual connection will take the power on your desktop and make it available wherever you want it. 无论你在什么地方，只要你需要，通过虚拟连接就可以使用台式电脑。（转译为让步状语从句） 【高考回放】 [考题 1] — Mom, what did the doctor say? — He advised me to live ____ the air is fresher. A. in where B. in which C. the place where D. where [答案] D [解析] where 引导修饰谓语 live 的地点状语从句。 [考题 2] In peace, too, the Red Cross is expected to send help ____ there is human suffering. A. whoever B. however C. whatever D. wherever [答案] D [解析] where 引导修饰谓语 send 的地点状语从句。 [考题 3] If you are traveling ____ the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do. A. in which B. what C. when D. where [答案] D [解析] where 引导修饰谓语 are traveling 的地点状语从句。 【对点练习】 1. When you read the book, you’d better make a mark _________ you have any questions. A. at which B. at where C. the place where D. where 2. She found her wallet _________ she lost it. A. where B. when C. in which D. that 3. The school was built _________ there had once been a church. A. where B. when C. in which D. that 4. You should let your children play _________ you can see them. A. where B. when C. in which D. that 5. You should make it a rule to leave things _________ you can find them again. A. when B. where C. then D. there 6. Now he works in the factory _________ his father used to work. A. where B. when C. in which D. that 7. After living in Paris for fifty years, he returned to the small town _________ he grew up as a child. A. where B. when C. in which D. that 8. — Mom, what did the doctor say? — He advised me to live ____ the air is fresher. A. in where B. in which C. the place where D. where 9. In peace, too, the Red Cross is expected to send help ____ there is human suffering. A. whoever B. however C. whatever D. wherever 10. If you are traveling ____ the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do. A. in which B. what C. when 【参考答案】1—5D A A A B D. where 6—10.A A D D D