Module 3 Making plans 一、语法知识——一般将来时：be going to 结构 1.be going to 的用法 be going to 是一种固定结构，后接动词原形。用来表示按计划或安排将要发 生的动作；也可表示推测将要或肯定会发生的动作，有“准备，打算”的意思。 E.g. We are going to have a class meeting this afternoon. Look at the black clouds. It’s going to rain. 2.句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）, in +一段时间（three days），in the future 等。 3.be going to 的肯定形式 be going to 结构中的 be 一般有三种形式，即：am, is, are ; be 动词的三种形式 要随着主语的变化而变化. E.g. I am going to buy something tomorrow morning. She is going to see Mr. Wang this afternoon. 4.be going to 的否定形式 在 be 动词（am, is, are, was, were）后加 not。 E.g. I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon. → I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon. 5.be going to 的一般疑问句 be 提到句首，some 改为 any, and 改为 or，第一二人称互换。 E.g. We are going to go on an outing this weekend. → Are you going to go on an outing this weekend? 6. 对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。 ① 问人 Who E.g. I am going to New York soon. →Who’s going to New York soon? ② 问干什么 What … do. E.g. My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. →What is your father going to do with you this afternoon? ③ 问什么时候 When. E.g. She’s going to go to bed at nine. →When is she going to bed? ★be going to 用法口诀： be going to 跟“动原”，计划、准备或打算；表 可能，有必然，通过现象来判断。 Be 的形式要注意，它要随着人称变， 否定句，很简单，not 加在 be 后边； 疑问句，需牢记，be 应提到主语前。 7.There be 句型的 be going to 结构为： There is\are going to be…表示将有某事发生 注意：be 不能改为 have E.g. There is going to be a football match next Sunday in our school. 8.come, go, leave, arrive 等表示位置移动的动词常用现在进行时态表示将要发 生的动作，不用一般将来时 E.g. Miss Sun is coming tonight. 二、知识点小结 1. 辨析介词 in on at ① 后跟时间时 常接年,月,一段时间,上午,下午,晚上,白天,季节,世纪等 如: in 2006(2006 年) in May,2004 (2004 年五月) in the morning (早晨/上午) in the afternoon (下午) in the evening (晚上) in the daytime (白天) in in the 21st century (21 世纪) in three days (weeks/month)三天(周/个月) in a week (一周) in spring (春季) on 常接某日,星期几,某日或某星期的朝夕,节日等 如: on Sunday (星期日) on a warm morning in April (四月的一个温暖的上午) on a December night (12 月的一个夜晚) on that afternoon (那天下午) on the following night (下一个晚上) on Christmas afternoon (圣诞节下午) on October 1,1949 (1949 年 10 月 1 日) on New Year’s Day (新年) on New Year’s Eve (除夕) on the morning of the 15th (15 日的早上) at 常接几点几分,天明,中午,日出,日落,开始等 如: at five o’clock (五点) at down (黎明) at daybreak (天亮) at sunrise (日出) at noon (中午) at sunset (日落) at midnight (半夜) at the beginning of the month (月初) at that time (那时) at that moment (那会儿), at this time of day (在一天的这个时候) at night (夜晚) ② 后接地点时 表示 “在……里”（即物体内部），如 in the bag in the classroom in 用在大地点之前，如国家、城市 in China in Beijing 表示“在……上”（与物体表面接触） on the table on 用在相对较小的地方之前，如机场、邮局、电影院、车站等 at at the airport at the post office at the cinema 2.look forward to 期待，盼望，其中的 to 时介词，后面跟名词、动名词做宾语。 E.g. I’m looking forward to working with you . 类似后面跟动词 ing 形式的词还有 like, love, enjoy, finish, practise 等 3.enjoy oneself 过得愉快 = have a good time = have fun E.g. We are enjoying ourselves in the park. = We are having a good time in the park. = We are having fun in the park. 4.walk ① 相关短语 take a walk 散步 go for a walk 去散步 go out for a walk 出去散步 ② 表示 “步行”时，同义表达为 go...on foot E.g. He walks to school every day. = He goes to school on foot every day. 5.plan 可做名词，也可作动词，计划，打算。现在分词 planning 相关词组及固定搭配 make a plan 做计划 plan to do sth 计划做某事 E.g. I plan to go shopping. I am making a new plan. 6.spend ① 度过，spend….with sb 与某人度过… E.g. I spend a happy holiday with my parents. ② 花费（时间/金钱） sb. + spend + some time/money + (in ) doing sth 花费时间/金钱做某事 E.g. He spent two years (in) writing the book. sb. + spend + some time/money + on sth 在某事物上花时间/金钱 E.g. I spent ten yuan on the CD. ★词语辨析：spend; cost; pay ; take . spend: 人+spend +时间/金钱+(in) doing/ on +名词 cost: 事/物 +cost +人+时间/金钱 E.g. This book cost me ten yuan. pay: 人+ pay +金钱 +for +物 E.g. I paid ten yuan for this book. take: It takes +人+时间+to do E.g. It takes me two hours to finish my homework. 一、单项选择 ( )1. The story he told us happened the night of May 5. A. in B. at C. by D. on ( )2. There be a fashion show in our own tomorrow. A. are going to B. will have C. has D. is going to ( )3. The bottle is empty. There is in it. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing ( )4. ——Would you like a picnic with us? ——Yes, I’d like to. A. have B. to have C. having D. has ( )5. There is going to a film at the cinema this evening. A. be B. have C. is going D. having ( )6. ——Jim, when were you born? ——I was born October, 1998. A. in B. at C. on D. of ( )7. My sister wants a new dress. She it to the party. A. wears B. has worn C. wore D. is