考点 04 语法填空——2020 届高三《新题速递·英语》 （1）2020 届陕西省榆林市高考一模英语试题 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Cuju was developed in China around 500 B. C. and was played with a leather ball. It is considered by FIFA as the 41. ( early ) form of football. During the Han Dynasty, the popularity of Cuju 42. ( spread) from the army to the royal courts and upper classes. It 43. ( say) that Emperor Wu of nan enjoyed the sport. Cuju 44. ( match) were often held inside the imperial palace. Cuju was further developed 45. . the Tang Dynasty. There were dozens of well-organized Cuju leagues in Chang'an. 46. was then the capital of the Empire. The rules, fields and facilities for Cuju became more advanced, for example, balls filled with air and Cuju goals appeared during this period. 47. was also during this age that similar games were being played in Korea and Japan, and 48. (gradual) worldwide. Cuju was most developed during the Song Dynasty because of the social and economic development. At that time, 49. (profession) Cuju players were quite popular. They fell into two groups: One was trained by and performed for the royal court and the other talented civilians who made a 50. (live) as Cuju players. 【答案】 41. earliest42. spread43. is/was said44. matches45. in/during 46. which47. It48. gradually49. professional50. living 【文章大意】本文为记叙文。文章主要叙述了足球的历史。蹴鞠大约是在公元前 500 年在中国发展起来 的，当时用的是皮球。它被国际足联认为是最早的足球形式。汉代，蹴鞠的普及从军队传到宫廷和上层社 会。据说南武帝很喜欢这项运动。蹴鞠比赛常在皇宫内举行。唐代得到进一步发展，并逐渐在世界范围内 流行。宋代的蹴鞠运动最为发达。 41. 考查形容词最高级。句意：公元前 500 年左右，中国发明了蹴鞠，当时用的是皮球。它被国际足联认 为是最早的足球形式。根据语境可知，此处是指蹴鞠是足球最早的形式，故要用最高级，故填 earliest。 42. 考查谓语动词的时态及语态。汉代，蹴鞠的流行从军队传播到宫廷和上层社会。分析句子可知，本空 是谓语动词，其中的主语是蹴鞠，与动词 spread 二者是主动关系，此处的时间状语是“汉代”，要用一般 过去时，动词 spread 的过去时，还是 spread。故填 spread 43. 考查谓语动词。句意：据说南朝武帝很喜欢这项运动。根据语境可知， “南朝武帝很喜欢这项运动”， 既可以是现在大家说的，也可以是过去说的，所以既可用一般现在时，又可以用一般过去时。此处是主语 从句，其中的 it 是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的 that 从句。T 主语从句“that Emperor Wu of nan enjoyed the sport.”与动词 said 是被动关系，是被说，因此要用被动语态。故填 is/was said。 44. 考查名词复数。句意：蹴鞠比赛常在故宫内举行。根据本句国的副词“often”可知 “蹴鞠比赛”不指一次， 有许多次，可数名词 match 要用复数形式，故填 matches。 45. 考查介词。句意：蹴鞠运动在唐代得到进一步发展。根据语境可指蹴鞠运动在唐代得到进一步发展。 此时可用“in/during”，故填 in/during 。 46. 考查定语从句。句意：在当时的帝国首都长安，有几十个组织良好的蹴鞠联盟。分析句子可知，本句 是定语从句，其中的 Chang'an 是先行词，在定语从句中做主语，非限制性定语从句中做主语，指物，要 用 which，故填 which。 47. 考查强调句型。句意：在这个时代，韩国和日本也有类似的游戏。分析句子可知，本句是强调句型“ it is/was + 被 强 调 部 分 +that + 剩 余 部 分 ” ， 句 强 调 了 时 间 状 语 during this age ， 去 掉 “ It is/was...that...”后句子是完整的。故填 It。 48. 考查状语。句意：也就是在这个时期，类似的游戏在韩国和日本开始流行，并逐渐在世界范围内流行 。 分析句子可知，空格处在句中修饰副词 worldwide，修饰副词要用副词，故填 gradually。 49. 考查形容词。句意：当时，职业的蹴鞠运动员颇受欢迎。分析句子可知，本空格在句中作定语，修饰 名词 Cuju players，修饰名词要用形容词，故填 professional。 50. 考查固定搭配。句意：一组是由皇家宫廷训练和表演的，另一组是以蹴鞠为生的有才华的平民运动员。 “make a living”为固定搭配，意为“以......为生”。故填 living。 （2）河南省郑州市 2019-2020 学年高三上学期第一次质量预测 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡相应 的位置上。 If you’ve ever ridden public transport, you’ve probably heard snoring（打鼾）and found someone sleeping in the seat across from you. The natural vibration（震动）of buses andsubways 41. (make) us feel sleepy, according to a new study in Science Alert. Why? It’s all about sensory input - information going to your brain. On a bus, your senses give you42. (continue) and repeating information. For example, the air conditioner and engine create constant white noise. Meanwhile, you are sitting still and your43. (surrounding) don’t change. The vibrations of the engine are also opening. Your brain has almost no new information to process. Repeating information will be44. (ignore) eventually and your brain will enter a low-energy state. The fact that you fall asleep quickly with your eyes 45. (close) on a bus is because your brain gets used to all the repeat. “When you ‘re tired, it doesn’t take much time 46. (start) nodding off and we’ve found that the gentle vibrations made by car seats 47. you drive can lul（l 使放松）your brain and body,” said Stephen Robinson, 48. researcher from the RMIT University in Melbourne, Australia. Robinson’ s team mentioned 15 volunteers’ heart rate variability （心率变异性）-a well-known indicator of sleepiness. This line of research can assist in the development of practical and relevant guidelines for limiting 49. (expose) to vibrations in the car industry. Robinson believed that the research could be helpful 50. improving road safety. “We hope that future car seat designs can build in features to disturb this lulling effect and fight vibrationinduced（震动引起的）sleepiness,” he said. 【答案】 41. makes42. continuous / continuing / continued / continual43. surroundings44. ignored45. closed 46. to