重点短语和句型 二、短语 1. one by one 一个接一个 拓展： day by day 一天一天地 little by little 渐渐地 step by step 一步步地 【巧学助记】 单句语法填空 Students came out of the room one ____ one . 【答案】 by 2. butterflies in my stomach 情绪紧张 拓展： 表达情绪紧张的短语或者句型： butterflies in my stomach 情绪紧张 with my hands sweating, my legs trembling 手心冒汗，大腿发抖 feel nervous 感觉紧张 have ants in your pants 心神不安 on pins and needles 如坐针毡 【巧学助记】 翻译下列句子 With butterflies in my stomach, I breathed deeply. 【答案】 我忐忑不安地深吸了一口气 3. in panic 处于恐慌中 【巧学助记】 单句语法填空 Office workers fled ______panic as the fire happened. 答案：in 4. put ...under pressure 使某人处于压力之下 拓展： stress /pressure n 压力 press vt 按压 ——pressure （n）压力 【巧学助记】 Under great ___________(press), He stayed up late every night . 【答案】 pressure 5. depend on 依靠 依赖 取决于 拓展： 依赖类短语： depend on = rely on = count on 【巧学助记】 Success depends _______your direction instead of your blind hard work. 【答案】 on 6. make the most of 充分利用 拓展： 充分利用类短语： Make the most of = make the best of = make full use of 利用： take advange of = make use of 【巧学助记】 He told me to make the______（much） of the opportunity to win. 【答案】 most 7. graduate from 毕业于 = finish school graduate vi 毕业 ——graduation （n）毕业，毕业典礼 graduate n 毕业生 【巧学助记】 1. I attended my son’s _________(graduate) ceremony. 2. H said he graduated ____________ Peking University. 【答案】 1. graduation 2. from 8. Be about to do sth 即将去做某事 常见固定搭配： was/ were about to do sth when 【巧学助记】 3. I attended my son’s _________(graduate) ceremony. 4. H said he graduated ____________ Peking University. 【答案】 1. graduation 2. from 9. as if = as though 似乎，好像 引导方式状语从句， 后面从句若与事实相反，则用相应 的过去式。 【巧学助记】 He speaks as _____he were a foreigner . 【答案】 if 10. keep an open mind 保持开明的思想 open-minded 思想开明的 adj 【巧学助记】 Always keep ____________ an open mind, and you will benefit a lot from daily life. 【答案】 an 11. deal with = do with = handle =settle =solve 处理，解决 【巧学助记】 How to deal ____________ the tough work is still under question. 【答案】 with 12. at the sight of 一看到··· sight n 视力， 风景 视野 at frist sight 初看之下 【巧学助记】 At the first sight ____ the girl, he was attracted deeply. 【答案】 of 13. Go all out = pull one’s weight = try /do one’s best =spare no effort 全力以赴 【巧学助记】 翻译下列句子： The coach asked the athlets to go all out to win the first prize. 【答案】 教练让运动员们全力以赴来取得第一名。 14. in particular =particularly 尤其， 特别是 be particular about 对···讲究 【巧学助记】 He was fond of English ________ particular. 【答案】 in 15. Give ```a hand 帮助 拓展： 帮助类相关短语： Give sb a hand = lend sb a hand = do sb a favor =do a favor for sb = assist sb = with the help of sb = with the aid of sb 在某人的帮助下 【巧学助记】 He promised to give the boy ______hand whenever he was in trouble. . 【答案】 a 三、重点句式 1.when 引导的状语从句系列 教材原句 1： I was looking at the photos on the noticeboard when I heard a voice behind me. 教材原句 2： I was organising my words in my head when the girl next to me gave me a nudge.“It’s your turn！” 【句式分析】sb was/were doing sth when...句型，意为“某人正在做某事，这时……”，其中 when 为并列连词，意为“这时”，相当于 at that time，when 连接的主句用过去进行时，分句 一般过去时，此时 when 不可被 while 和 as 替换。 Eg: I was doing my homework when the door bell rang. 我正在写作业，这时门铃响了。 拓展：只用 when 的句型：(when 后面从句一般都是过去式) 1）sb was/were doing sth when...某人正在做某事，这时…… 2）sb was/were about to do sth when...＝ be on the point of doing...when...某人正打算做某事， 这时…… 3）sb had (just) done...when...某人(刚)做完……这时(突然)…… 4）hardly/ scarcely···when 一···就 【巧学助记】 1. Tom _____(read) a novel when him mum called him. 2. Alice was playing by the river________a rabbit ran by quickly. 3. Amy was wondering who the stranger was when he ______(call) out“help!” 答案：1. was reading 2. when 3. called 2.现在分词做状语 教材原句 1：Turning around, I saw a white-haired man.“Yes，” I replied. 【句式分析】本句中 turning around 为现在分词短语作状语，表示伴随状语，其与句子的主 语 I 之间为逻辑上的主谓关系。 教材原句 2：Looking back on my high school life, the most important advice I’d give is these wonderful words from the writer Maya Angelou. 【句式分析】本句中 looking back 为现在分词短语做时间状语，表示当回顾高中生活时， 其与句子的主语 I 之间为逻辑上的主谓关系。 拓展： (1)现在分词(短语)作状语可以表示时间、条件、原因、让步、结果、方式、伴随等，其逻 辑主语要和句子主语保持一致，且分词(短语)与句中主语含有逻辑上的主谓关系。 (2)当现在分词(短语)的动作发生在主句谓语动词之前时，要用现在分词的完成时 having done (3)作状语的分词(短语)相当于一个状语从句。 【巧学助记】 1. ___________(face) the trouble ,he felt fearless. 2. __________(wear) a smile on his face, he came in excitedly. 3. __________(know) what he did in the exam, his parents got angry. 答案：1. Facing 2. Wearing 3. Knowing 3.with 复合结构 教材原句：With butterflies in my stomach, I breathed deeply. 【句式分析】本句中 with+n+介词短语，介词短语是前面名词的宾语补足语，with 在词句 表示伴随状语。 拓 展： with 结构 多数充 当状 语，表 示行 为方 式，伴 随情 况、时 间、 原因 或条件 等。 with 引导的常见复合结构： 名 with+ 词 名