2021 上海高三英语一模语法汇编 1.宝山区 SOS message on the sand saves missing sailors Micronesia is an area of the western Pacific Ocean with more than 600 islands, (2 1)________ covers a huge area of ocean north of the large island of New Guinea. Recently, three Micronesian sailors set out to sail 42 km from one Micronesian island to ano ther. Unfortunately, they got (22)________ (lose), and then they ran out of fuel. After a long time drifting without power in the ocean, they landed on the tiny island of Pikelot, more than 100 km from their destination. Pikelot is just 450 meters long and 280 meters wide. The highest point on Pikelot is only fo ur meters above the sea. No people live there, and there is no water. The little island (2 3)________ (cover) in trees and has sandy beaches. Three days after the three sailors set out on their voyage, they did not arrive at their destinat ion, so ships and aircraft in the area began looking for the (24)________ (miss) men. But it was almost impossible to decide where (25)________ (look) because there are so many small islands and the ocean is so large. One of the ships was the Australian navy ship HMAS Canberra, which (26)________ (sail) from Australia to Hawaii and had a helicopter on board. During this time, the three sailors decided to write (27)________ message on the beach on th eir tiny island. They wrote a huge SOS in the sand. SOS is an international signal that people us e (28)________ they need help. Luckily, people on an American aircraft saw the SOS message in the sand and contacted the Canberra. A helicopter (29)________ the ship landed on the beach and gave the men food and water. Soon after, a Micronesian boat arrived and rescued the three sailors. They are very lucky to be alive, and it was the SOS message in the sand (30)________ saved the m. 答案： 21. which 28. when 22. lost 23. is covered 24. missing 25. to look 26. was sailing 27. a 29.from 30. that 原文出处： https://www.onestopenglish.com/download?ac=61268 【解析】 这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了沙滩上的求救信息拯救了失踪船员。 【21 题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：密克罗尼西亚是西太平洋的一个地区，拥有 600 多个岛屿，覆盖了 新几内亚岛以北的大片海域。分析句子结构，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词 area 指 物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词 which 引导，that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。故 填 which。 【22 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：不幸的是，他们迷路了，然后燃料耗尽了。 get 为系动词，后面需 加过去分词 lost 作表语，表示失去的状态，get lost 迷路。故填 lost。 【23 题详解】 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：小岛被树木覆盖，有沙滩。此处陈述客观事实，需用 一般现在时，主语 The little island 和 cover 为被动关系，需用一般现在时的被动语态，主语 为单数名词，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填 is covered。 【24 题详解】 考查形容词。句意：三名船员起航三天后，他们还没有到达目的地，因此该地区的船只和 飞机开始寻找失踪人员。空处需填形容词作定语，修饰名词 men，missing 意为“失踪的”。 故填 missing。 【25 题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：但是要决定去哪里找几乎是不可能的，因为那里有那么多小岛， 海洋又那么大。“疑问词+to do”为固定用法，空处需填动词不定式。故填 to look。 【26 题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：其中一艘是澳大利亚海军“堪培拉号”(HMAS Canberra)，这艘 船当时正从澳大利亚驶往夏威夷，船上有一架直升机。此处表示过去某一时刻正在进行的 动作，需用过去进行时。分析句子结构，which _____ (sail) from Australia to Hawaii and had a helicopter on board.是一个非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 the Australian navy ship HMAS Canberra，关系词替代先行词，在从句中作主语，谓语动词使用单数。故填 was sailing。 【27 题详解】 考查冠词。句意：在这段时间里，这三个水手决定在他们小岛上的海滩上写一条消息 。 message 意为“信息”，是可数名词，此处表示泛指，且 message 发音以辅音音素开头，需用 不定冠词 a 修饰。故填 a。 【28 题详解】 考查状语从句。句意：SOS 是人们在需要帮助时使用的一种国际信号。结合语境“当他们需 要帮助的时候”可知，此处需用 when 引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”。故填 when。 【29 题详解】 考查介词。句意：船上的一架直升机降落在海滩上，给他们提供了食物和水。结合语境 “来 自船上的一架直升机”，可知，空处需填介词“来自”，from 意为“来自”。故填 from。 【30 题详解】 考查强调句。句意：他们很幸运能活下来，正是沙滩上的求救信息救了他们。 “It was+被强 调部分+that+句子其他成分”为强调句的基本句型，如果被强调的部分是人，可以用 who 代 替 that，此处对句子的主语“the SOS message in the sand”进行强调，空处需填 that。故填 that。 2.崇明区 Geography Makes a Silent Return In many ways geography is the forgotten science. Even the word “geography” tends to make people think of students (21) _____ (label) maps in social studies class. But that hasn’t always been true. Before the internet, the world was a mysterious place. In many cases, people didn’t really know (22) _____ existed a few miles from home. Studying geography offered people a way to learn about the world. Geography, (23) _____ (define) as the study of Earth, has always had a focus on maps. But mapping hasn’t always been easy. In the days before satellites, mapmaking required years of dangerous and difficult work. But mapping also meant a chance at adventure and fame. Geography became the subject of explorers. People were eager to hear about the new things and places (24) _____ geographers had studied. National Geographic is a great example of this interest. For more than a hundred years, the magazine’s stories and pictures (25) _____ (tell) people about our exciting world. Technology has changed the way people think about geography. Travel is now easy