第 12 讲 Save our world 学习目标 一、熟练掌握重点单词、词组的用法； 二、构词法。 知识串烧 单词 1. factory [ˈfæktri] n. 制造厂，工厂 2. pollute [pəˈlu:t] v. 污染 3. recycle [ˌri:ˈsaɪkl] v. 回收利用，再使用(废品) 4. waste [weɪst] n. 废料，废弃物 5. enemy [ˈenəmi] n. 敌人，仇人 6. crop [krɒp] n. 庄稼，作物 7. kill [kɪl] v. 杀死，弄死 8. oil [ɔɪl] n. 石油 9. less [les] adj. &n. 较少的，较小的；较少数，较少量 10. hopeless [ˈhəʊpləs] adj. 无望的 11. china [ˈtʃaɪnə] n. 瓷，瓷器 12. divide [dɪˈvaɪd] v. 分开 13. plastic [ˈplæstɪk] n. &adj. 塑料(的) 14. policy [ˈpɒləsi] n. 政策，方针 15. reuse [ˌri:ˈju:z] v. 再次使用，重复利用 16. bottle [ˈbɒtl] n. 瓶 17. throw away 扔掉，丢弃 18. repeat [rɪˈpi:t] v. 重说，重新做 19. reduce [rɪˈdju:s] v. 减少，减低，缩小 20. cloth [klɒθ] n. 布，布料 21. ton [tʌn] n. 吨 22. tons of 许多，很多 23. rubber ['rʌbə] n. 橡胶 24. recycling [ˌri:'saɪklɪŋ] n. 回收利用 25. rapid [ˈræpɪd] adj. 快速的，迅速的 26. step [step] n. 步骤，措施 27. grandson [ˈgrænsʌn] n. (外)孙子 28. granddaughter [ˈgrændɔ:tə] n. (外)孙 课文 Unit 1 If everyone starts to do something, the world will be saved. Lingling: After our lesson on the environment, I’m worried about the future. Pollution is our great enemy, and we have to fight it. If the rivers are polluted, farmers can’t use the water for their crops. Tony: And in some places, pollution from factories spreads over cities and villages. It makes people ill, and may even kill them. Pollution is a danger to our health. Betty: And there are so many cars on the roads. They use so much oil and cause pollution as well. Daming: But we’re only students. We can’t do anything about factories and cars. Betty: It’s no use talking about things we can’t do. we’ve got to think of things we can do! Daming: Such as …? Lingling: Do you think we can make our school a green school? Daming: What’s a green school? Lingling: At a green school, every class collects waste which can be recycled or used again. Then the school sells the waste and uses the money to help students in poor areas. Daming: Nice idea! Betty: Students at a green school also learn ways to save energy and recycle at home. That means less waste. Tony: That’s a good idea. Though pollution is heavy now, I don’t think it’s hopeless. If everyone starts to do something, the world will be saved. Unit 2 Repeat these three words daily: reduce, reuse and recycle. How to be green How green are you? Answer these questions and find out. .Do you walk or ride a bike to school? .Do you buy new clothes just because they are modern? .Do you turn off the lights when you leave the room? .Do you take your own bag when shopping and not ask for a plastic bag? .Do you buy drinks in bottles? And what do you do with the bottles whey they are empty? .Do you divide the waste into things to recycle and things to throw away? We all need a healthy environment, but we produce waste every day, and it is harmful to our environment. Repeat these three words daily: reduce, reuse and recycle. Reduce Reduce means “use less”. Do not waste things. It saves money and causes less pollution. Do not order more food than you can finish. Turn off the lights when you do not need them. Before you buy something new, think whether it is really necessary, because maybe the old one is just as good! Reuse Reuse means “use again”. Use things for as long as possible. Look after them so that they will last. Repair them if possible. Do not throw them away and buy new ones. Do not use paper cups or paper bags. It is better to use china and cloth bags because they can be used many times. Recycle Recycle means “change things into something else to be reused”. Although it takes energy to change things into something else, it is better than throwing things away or burning them. We throw tons of rubbish away each year, and we have to make a change. Divide your rubbish into plastic, glass, paper and rubber. Develop a recycling policy for the whole community. Buy products such as recycled paper to help save trees. We cannot hope for rapid change, but let’s take these simple steps today so that we will save the world for our grandsons and granddaughters tomorrow. 语法 构词法 一、合成法 将两个或两个以上独立且语义不同的单词合在一起构成新词的方法叫作合成法 (1) 名词+名词 basket+ball= basketbal(篮球)life+time= lifetime(一生) (2)动词+名词:play+ ground= playground(操场) watch+ tower=watchtower(瞭望塔) (3)形容词+名词: short+hand= shorthand(速记) black+ board=blackboard(黑板) (4)介词+名词:over+coat= overcoat(大衣) after+noon= afternoon(下午) (5)副词+名词:out+side= outside(外面)down+ stairs= downstairs(楼下) 二、派生法 通过在词根前加前缀或在词根后加后缀构成新词的方法叫做派生法。 1.前缀法 a.表示否定意义的前缀 un- unfair unhappy, unfinished, undress dis- di