十年（2013~2022）高考英语真题分项详解 阅读理解·夹叙夹议类 2021-2022 题组 1 （ 2022· 全 国 ） Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor. Then, one after another, Sydney discovered lots of things that were just sort of there — broad parks, superb beaches, and a culturally diverse population. But it is the harbor that makes the city. Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilots Sydney ferryboats for a living. I spent the whole morning shuttling back and forth across the harbor. After our third run Andrew shut down the engine, and we went our separate ways — he for a lunch break, I to explore the city. “I’ll miss these old boats,” he said as we parted. “How do you mean?” I asked. “Oh, they’re replacing them with catamarans. Catamarans are faster, but they’re not so elegant, and they’re not fun to pilot. But that’s progress, I guess.” Everywhere in Sydney these days, change and progress are the watchwords ( 口号), and traditions are increasingly rare. Shirley Fitzgerald, the city’s official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings. “Sydney is confused about itself,” she said. “We can’t seem to make up our minds whether we want a modern city or a traditional one. It’s a conflict that we aren’t getting any better at resolving (解决).” On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. “Many people say that we lack culture in this country,” he told me. “What people forget is that the Italians, when they came to Australia, brought 2000 years of their culture, the Greeks some 3000 years, and the Chinese more still. We’ve got a foundation built on ancient cultures but with a drive and dynamism of a young country. It’s a pretty hard combination to beat.” He is right, but I can’t help wishing they would keep those old ferries. 146. What is the first paragraph mainly about? A. Sydney’s striking architecture. B. The cultural diversity of Sydney. C. The key to Sydney’s development. D. Sydney’s tourist attractions in the 1960s. 147. What can we learn about Andrew Reynolds? A. He goes to work by boat. B. He looks forward to a new life. C. He pilots catamarans well. D. He is attached to the old ferries. 148. What does Shirley Fitzgerald think of Sydney? A. It is losing its traditions. B. It should speed up its progress. C. It should expand its population. D. It is becoming more international. 149. Which statement will the author probably agree with? A. A city can be young and old at the same time. B. A city built on ancient cultures is more dynamic. C. Modernity is usually achieved at the cost of elegance. D. Compromise should be made between the local and the foreign. 【答案与解析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过作者和悉尼人士的交流介绍了悉尼 发展中面临的问题。 146. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“Sometime in the early 1960s, a significant thing happened in Sydney, Australia. The city discovered its harbor. (20 世纪 60 年代初，澳大利亚悉尼发生 了一件大事。这座城市发现了它的港口) ”以及“But it is the harbor that makes the city. (但 是是港口造就了城市)”可知，本段主要介绍了悉尼发展的关键是港口。故选 C 项。 147. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Andrew Reynolds, a cheerful fellow in his early 30s, pilot Sydney ferryboats for a living. (30 岁出头的 Andrew Reynolds 是个快乐的小伙子，他在 悉尼担任渡轮领航员为生)”、第三段“I’ll miss these old boats. (我会想念这些旧船的)”以 及第五段“Catamarans are faster, but they’re not so elegant, and they’re not fun to pilot. ( 双 体 船 更 快 ， 但 它 们 不 那 么 优 雅 ， 驾 驶 起 来 也 不 有 趣 )” 可 知 ， 渡 轮 领 航 员 Andrew Reynolds 喜欢老式渡船。故选 D 项。 148. 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段“Shirley Fitzgerald, the city’s official historian, told me that in its rush to modernity in the 1970s, Sydney swept aside much of its past, including many of its finest buildings. (悉尼的官方历史学家 Shirley Fitzgerald 告诉我，在 20 世纪 70 年代奔向现代化的过程中，悉尼把很多它的过去都抛在了一边，包括许多最漂亮的 建筑)”可推知，Shirley Fitzgerald 认为悉尼匆忙奔向现代化，正在失去它的传统。故选 A 项。 149. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“ On the other hand, being young and old at the same time has its attractions. I considered this when I met a thoughtful young businessman named Anthony. (另一方面，同时既年轻又古老也有它的魅力。当我遇到一位深思熟虑的年轻 商人 Anthony 时，我考虑到了这一点)”以及最后一段“He is right (他说得没错)”可推知， 作者赞同 Anthony 的观点，认为一座城市可以同时既年轻又古老。故选 A 项。 2 （2021·天津）About five weeks ago, I noticed the skin of our pet lizard was growing dusty. It worried me. I reported the strange surface on the skin of the lizard to my husband and children the next morning. Seconds later, our lizard emerged from its tank with its old skin flowing behind it. I didn't t